Tenses

Simple present Tense

Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau peristiwa yang dilakukan secara berulang-ulang ataupun perbuatan yang sudah menjadi kebiasaan.

1.      Kalimat verbal ( kalimat yang berpredikat kata kerja )

Positive                       = S + V1 + S/ES + O/K

Negative                      = S + DO/DOES + NOT + V1 + O/K

Interrogative               = DO/DOES + S + V1 + O/K ?

Wh-question                = WH-QUESTION +DO/DOES + S + V1 +O/K ?

Keterangan:

a.       Untuk membuat kalimat positif, jika subjek : I ,we,you atau they, maka bentuk kata kerja yang digunkan adalah V1, jika subjek, he,she,it maka bentuk kata kerja yang digunkan adalah V1 + S/ES.

b.      Untuk kalimat negative menggunkan kata kerja do/does + not + v1 dengan spesifikasnyai :

do not + V1  jika subjek : I,you,we,they,

does not + V1 jika subjeknya he she it.

c.       Untuk membuat kata Tanya letakkan do/does di awal kalimat, ingat kata yang digunkan selalu berbentuk V1

d.      Untuk membuat wh-question kita menambahkan kata Tanya diawal kalimat dan membuang unsure yang ditanyakan dalam kalimat tersebut.

Pengecualian:

Kata Tanya what dan who jika digunkan untuk menyakan unsure subjek maka tidak perlu menggunakan kata kerja bantu do/does.

Example:

a.       Positive                   = They work in the garden everday

Negative                 =They do not work in the garden everday

Interrogative           = Do they work in the garden everyday ? yes,they do/ no,they do not.

Wh-question           = where do they work everyday ? they work in the garden everday.

b.      Positive                   = he cultivates the rice field every morning

Negative                 = he does not cultivate the rice field evey morning

Interrogative           = does he cultivate the rice field every morning ? yes,he does / no, he does not.

Wh- question          = when does he cultivate the rice field ? he cultivates the rice field in the morning. 

2.      Kalimat Nominal ( kalimat yanbg berpredikat kata benda,kata sifat,atau kata keterangan )

Positive                       = S + is/am/are + Noun /adjective/adverb.

Negative                      = S + is+am+are not + Noun/adjective/adverb

Interrogative               = is/am/are + S + Noun/adverb/adjective ?

Wh-question                = Wh + is /am/are + noun/adjective/adverb ?

Example:

1.      Positive           = I am a student

Negative          = I am not a student

Interrogative    = am I a student ? yes, you are/no you are not.

Wh-question    = what Am I ?

2.      Positive           =you are clever

Negative          =you are not clever

Interrogative   =are you clever ? yes,I am/no.I am not.

Wh-question    =how are you ?

Keterangan waktu yang digunakan:

Everyday,ever week,every month, every year,always,usually,often,sometimes,never,on Sunday,in june,on

Simple Past Tense

Digunakan untuk menunjukkan suatu peristiwa atau perbuatan yang terjadi atau dilakukan di masa lampau yang disebutkan waktu kejadian secara jelas.

1.      Kalimat verbal ( kalimat yang berpredikat kata kerja )

Rumus :

Positive                   =  S + V2 +O/K

Negative                 =S + Did not +  V1 +O/K

Interrogative           =Did  + S + V1 +O/K ?

Wh-question           =wh-Did + S + V1 +O/K ?

Ketentuan:

a.       Pada kalimat positive semua subjek menggunkan V2

b.      Kata kerja bantu yg digunakan untuk membuat kalimat negative,interrogative dan wh-question adalah Did dan selalu diikuti V1

Example :

1.      Positive                   =I worked in semarang last year

Negative                 =I did not work in semarang last year

Interrogative           =Did I work in semarang last year ? yes, you did /no, you did not.

Wh-question           =where did I work last year ? you worked in semarang last year

2.      Positive                   =he went to bali last week

Negative                 =he did  not go to bali last week

Interrogative           =did he go to bali last week ? yes. He did/no, he did not

Wh-question           =when did he go to bali  ? he go to bali last week

2.kalimat Nominal (kalimat yang berpredikat kata benda,kata sifat atau kata keterangan )

Rumus :

Positive         = S + Was/Were + Noun/Adverb/adjective

Negative       = S +Was/were + Not + noun/adverb/adjective

Interrogative =Was/Were + S  + noun/adverb/adjective ?

Wh-question =Wh + Was/were + S + noun/adveb/adjective ?

Example :

1.      Positive                     =I was a teacher ten year ago

Negative                   = I was not a teacher ten year ago

Interrogative             = were you a teacher ten years ago ? yes, I was,/no,I was not

Wh-question             =what are you ten years ago ? I was a teacher ten year ago

Keterangan:

Subjek: I ,he,she, it diikuti to be was

Subjek we ,you,they diikuti were

Keterangan waktu yang digunakan yesterday, ….ago,last….,just now